EPC Densifiers
Concrete densifiers are generally liquid materials formulated to penetrate and react beneficially within alkaline structures. Varying chemical technologies in this field have existed for decades. The need to protect concrete structures from numerous sources of failure has evolved into a market saturated with coatings, membranes, and penetrants each claiming to be a panacea.
- Panacea n (1548) a remedy for all ills or difficulties.
One technology greatly abused is that of sodium-silicate solutions. Availability of raw materials has led to improper formulations being adapted as a cure-all for commercial applications.
- Water glass n (1612) a substance that consists usually of the silicate of sodium, is found in commerce as a glassy mass, a stony powder, or dissolved in water as a viscous syrupy liquid, and is used especially as cement, a protective coating, and as a fireproofing agent.
Enhance penetrating coatings (EPC’s) are similar in technology to PMT’s. EPC’s are inorganic water soluble modified catalytic silicates (sodium, potassium and lithium) in aqueous alkaline solution. Surfactants assist penetration where proprietary catalysts assure an ionic exchange with lime, calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2], and other hydration by products. Calcium hydroxide is abundantly available amounting to as much as 25% of the original cement weight. This form of lime reacts with the silicate or fluosilicate to form calcium silicate hydrate, or tobermorite. The tobermorite-like calcium silicate or calcium silicate hydrate forms a true colloidal C-S-H gel.
- Colloid n (1849) a gelatinous substance; a substance that is in a state of division preventing passage through a semipermeable membrane, consists of particles too small for resolution with an ordinary light microscope, and in suspension fails to settle out and diffracts a beam of light.
Enhance technology formulations are adapted to perform specific functions. These range from liquid floor hardeners to deep penetrating waterproofers and restorative penetrating and non-penetrating water repellent coatings.
- Water-repellent adj. (1896) treated with a finish that is resistant but not impervious to penetration by water.
- Waterproof adj. (1736) impervious to water; to prevent permeation by water.
EPC solutions are effective in blocking passage of water in containment structures and against hydrostatic pressure in slab-on-grade applications.